नेपाल सम्वत् ११४५ प्वहेलागाः ८ ( ९ माघ , २०८१) जनवरी २२, २०२५ , बुधबार, बाँपीझ्याला ।China’s population declined for the third consecutive year in 2024, dropping by 1.39 million to 1.408 billion. This demographic challenge is linked to an aging population and a shrinking workforce. The trend mirrors East Asia’s declining birth rates, driven by rising living costs, delayed marriages, and career priorities. Limited immigration exacerbates the issue in countries like China.
Historically, China sustained a large population despite challenges, but demographic policies like the one-child policy—enforced through penalties and controls—created a skewed sex ratio and social issues. The current ratio stands at 104.34 men per 100 women. The drastic fall in births has left China overtaken by India as the most populous nation, and the aging population now comprises over 22%, projected to exceed 30% by 2035.

China’s social security system is under strain, with increased aging and fewer contributors to the pension fund. Efforts to boost birth rates through cash incentives and housing assistance have had limited impact. Urbanization continues, with 10 million more people moving to cities in 2024, raising the urbanization rate to 67%. The challenges have led to discussions about extending the low retirement age as some schools convert into elderly care facilities, reinforcing fears that China may “grow old before it grows rich.”
